Cataracts: signs, surgery and seeing an ophthalmologist

Cataracts cloud the lens of the eye and are common with age. Here's when surgery is considered and what to expect.

A cataract is a clouding of the lens inside the eye. The lens sits behind the coloured part of the eye and focuses light. As a cataract develops, vision becomes blurry or dim. Cataracts are very common with age and usually develop slowly. They can also be linked with diabetes, smoking, long-term steroid use, eye injuries and sun exposure.

Common signs

• Blurry, cloudy or foggy vision
• Glare or haloes around lights, especially when driving at night
• Colours looking faded or yellowish
• Needing more light to read
• Frequent changes to your glasses prescription

An optometrist can check your eyes and often picks up cataracts during a routine eye test. You can see an optometrist without a referral.

When to see an ophthalmologist

If a cataract is affecting your daily life, such as reading, driving or working, your optometrist or GP can refer you to Ophthalmology. An ophthalmologist is a medical specialist who diagnoses and treats eye conditions, including surgery.

There's no need to wait until a cataract is "ripe". Surgery is usually considered when your vision no longer meets your needs. The ophthalmologist will examine your eyes, measure them to choose the right replacement lens and talk through options and risks.

What cataract surgery involves

Cataract surgery is one of the most common operations. It's usually a day procedure under local anaesthetic, often with light sedation. The cloudy lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens. Usually one eye is done at a time.

Afterwards you'll use eye drops for a few weeks and have follow-up checks. Most people notice clearer vision within days. You may still need glasses for some tasks. Ask your surgeon when you can drive, swim and return to work.

Referral and costs

You need a referral to claim a Medicare rebate for an ophthalmologist. Cataract surgery is available in public hospitals, where waiting times depend on urgency and local demand, and privately, where there are usually out-of-pocket costs. Get a written quote that covers the surgeon, anaesthetist and facility. Spec Book shows which ophthalmologists have the soonest appointments, and your referral can be sent with the booking.

When to get urgent help

Go to an emergency department straight away for sudden loss of vision, a sudden shower of floaters or flashing lights, a curtain over your vision, or a painful red eye, especially after eye surgery.

General information only, not medical advice. Everyone's situation is different, so check with your GP or the provider. In an emergency call 000.